Exploring Virtual Reality (VR) Exposure Therapy in CBT

Virtual Reality (VR) Exposure Therapy is an exciting and relatively new development within Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). While the technology itself feels cutting‑edge, the therapeutic principles behind it are very familiar. At its core, VR exposure therapy is grounded in the same evidence‑based exposure techniques that have been used successfully in CBT for decades. What’s new is the way we can now deliver these experiences — and the possibilities this opens up for clients.

Although VR exposure therapy is still emerging, there is already strong and growing evidence demonstrating its effectiveness, particularly for anxiety‑related difficulties such as phobias, social anxiety, panic, PTSD, and health anxiety. Research consistently shows that VR exposure can be just as effective as traditional in‑vivo exposure, and in some cases even more accessible and acceptable for clients.

Why include VR in CBT?

One of the key benefits of VR exposure therapy is that it allows exposure to be graded, controlled, and repeatable. Scenarios can be carefully tailored to the individual and adjusted in real time, helping clients move at a pace that feels manageable while still being therapeutically meaningful. This can reduce overwhelm and increase confidence and engagement in therapy.

VR can also help bridge the gap between talking about fears and facing them in the real world. For many people, it feels safer and less intimidating to begin exposure in a virtual environment. This often leads to increased willingness to try exposure work, which is one of the most powerful components of CBT.

Another important benefit is accessibility. VR exposure therapy can be delivered remotely online, making it a practical option for people who may struggle to attend clinic appointments or who live in rural or remote areas. At the same time, it can also be used in‑clinic, which can be particularly helpful for more complex presentations where additional support and monitoring may be needed.

Supporting mindfulness and emotional regulation

VR is not only useful for exposure. It can also support mindfulness, grounding, and emotional regulation skills. Immersive environments can help clients practise present‑moment awareness, breathing, and relaxation techniques in a focused and engaging way. This can be especially helpful for people who find traditional mindfulness exercises difficult or abstract.

Things to consider

As with any therapeutic approach, VR exposure therapy is not a one‑size‑fits‑all solution. Careful assessment, formulation, and collaboration are essential. Some clients may need time to build confidence with the technology, and therapy should always remain flexible and client‑led. VR works best when it is thoughtfully integrated into a broader CBT framework rather than used in isolation.

Now available in the Highlands

This service is now being offered in the Highlands, with varying levels of support available depending on individual needs. Whether you are curious about VR exposure therapy or wondering if it could be helpful for you, you’re very welcome to get in touch to find out more. I’m always happy to answer questions and explore what might be the best fit for you.